Botulism

Patient Presentation:
A 36 year old female, J.S., presents to the ED with her boyfriend. J.S. started to feel ill 16 hours ago with nausea, vomiting and abdominal cramping. Over the last 2 hours she has progressed to having double vision, dry mouth and generalized weakness. In her history you find out that she ate stink fish (fermented fish) yesterday with family members. J.S. is AAAOx3. At triage in the ED her vitals were HR: 86, RR: 12, SaO2 92% on room air, BP: 113/68, Temp: 36.8. While in the ED J.S. experiences increasing generalized weakness and a bilateral facial droop. J.S. is now oriented times two and verbally responsive. After one hour in the ED her vitals were as follows HR: 96, RR 8, SaO2 90% on a non-rebreather mask, BP: 96/58.

Differential:

Diagnosis:
Labs:  CBC & CMP: within normal limits
ABG at one hour: pH: 7.31, PaCO2: 52, PaO2: 81 HCO3 27,
Botulism Toxin sent out – it takes 48 hours to get results from the CDC.
EKG: normal sinus rhythm

Treatment:
2 IVs were initiated with 1 L bolus of NS administered, followed with a rate of 125ml/hr. Due to the decrease in respiratory status J.S. was intubated and placed on a ventilator in the ED. The Botulism Anti-Toxin was administered due to the high index of suspicion. J.S. was transferred to the ICU for monitoring and supportive care.

Outcome:
After 48 hours the CDC confirmed that it was Botulism. After nine days the patient was weaned from the ventilator and resumed spontaneous respirations.