Breast Mastitis

Patient Presentation
C.G., a 28 y/o female presents to the CNM/WHNP office complaining of throbbing breast pain, breast swelling, and redness on her left breast for 3 days along with fever, fatigue, and chills since yesterday morning. Pt HX is significant for a spontaneous vaginal delivery 3 weeks ago to a full-term 8lb 6oz female infant. Pt has been breastfeeding her baby since birth and expressed no difficulty with feeding until now. Pt temp is 100.6F with a heart rate of 95 and a BP of 122/86. Pt rates her breast pain as a 5/10 at rest, but a 8/10 when breastfeeding. Pt explains that because of the pain while breastfeeding on the left side she was mostly feeding on the right side. Pt found some relief by placing warm compresses on the left breast, but took 2 ibuprofen yesterday afternoon when the warm compresses no longer helped the pain. Pt reports cracks on the nipples of the left breast beginning 1 week ago.

Differential List

Diagnosis
Examination of both breasts showed a hot, painful, and erythematous lobule in the upper left outer quadrant of the left breast. Small amounts of purulent discharge was noted. Subscapular and brachial lymph nodes on the left side were inflamed, palpable, mobile and non-tender.

The final Dx was mastitis of the left breast. A culture of the nipple discharge was taken which revealed the presence of Staphylococcus aureus. Pt is expected to feel reduced symptoms within 2-3 days with a course of antibiotics and full recovery is expected. Pt will also receive teaching regarding methods to prevent recurrence.

Treatment
Dicloxacillin 250mg q 6 hr for 10 days. Administer on an empty stomach and with a full glass of water. Pt must finish complete dosage of medication.

Acetaminophen PRN for pain and fever reduction

Apply warm compresses to the affected breast PRN especially before breastfeeding. If possible, continue breastfeeding on both sides, especially on the affected side. Pumping of both breasts is encouraged to avoid engorgement and maintain lactation. Pt was encouraged to get adequate rest and increase hydration.

Patient teaching included personal hygiene – washing hands before breastfeeding, letting breasts air dry, wearing a supportive bra, beginning breastfeeding on the affected side, and feeding the infant frequently to empty the breast. Mother was told the early signs of potential infection: nipple redness and cracked nipples and to help avoid them by keeping the nipples moist with lanolin. Mother was reassured that feeding her infant from this breast will not harm the infant and is encouraged.

Outcome
Patient fully recovered and experienced reduced symptoms within 2 days. Pt reported continued breastfeeding without problems.